@num = 1 We offer our obeisances to the Absolute, who is unlimited truth and knowledge. Glorified by œiva and others, He assumes His forms. He is Govinda, the inconceivable and faultless ultimate cause. @num = 2 We worship that œy€masundara whom the Vedas and the voices of sm‰ti authoratatively declare as the cause of creation, maintenance and annihilation. He is possessed of inconceivable energies, the Lord of all. He is changeless, He form is His own self, and He comes under control simply by being bowed to. @num = 3 May my thoughts always reside in Lord Mur€ri, resplendent in His extreme sweetness as Lord K‰‹†a Caitanya. Gajapati Prat€parudra became the sudden recepient of His grace and thus became cleansed of all contamination, gaining the fulness of transcendental ecstasy. @num = 4 From the vast ocean of œrƒ Vy€sa, by the Mandara Hill churning-hill of the entreaties of the demigods, was churned the goddess of fortune, Devotion. Following her came the heavenly desire tree known as œrƒmad-Bh€gavatam, the precious collection of jewels known as the Ved€nta-sŽtras, and also Dhanvantari, the embodiment of divine knowledge, as charming as the nectar of immortality with his brilliantly refreshing songs and his spotless white garments. May that œrƒ Vy€sa be successful in all ways, for the sake of the happiness of all saintly persons. @num = 5 We honor the most worshipable œrƒ RŽpa and San€tana. The greatest knowers of the truth, they revealed this truth upon this earth, sheltered in the abode of the temple of Govinda, like a precious jewel held in their own hands. They effected the great wonder of turning the vast darkness of M€y€v€da into a perpetually flowering garden. @num = 6 May œrƒ Jƒva Gosv€mƒ be our final goal. Finding the Supreme Lord K‰‹†a covered by the mud of S€‡khya and the dust of false logic, His effulgence hidden by the pit of illusionism, œrƒ Jƒva restored the Lord with the nectar of his words. @num = 7 All victory to œrƒ K‰‹†a Caitanyacandra! By the nectar rainfall of His holy name, this universe has become cleansed of its sins. His appearance has swelled the ocean of spiritual bliss. @num = 8 May we always be attracted to the Absolute Truth in the forms of Lord Nity€nanda, Lord Advaita and Lord Caitanya. They bestow satisfaction to anyone who has even a reflection of devotion for them. They are the superintendents of dharma, and their names deliver the whole cosmos. @num = 9 Glories to this Govinda-bh€‹ya, from which flows an abundance of ecstasy. It has arisen from contemplation as deep as the ocean. By showing it respect properly, human beings will develop that understanding of the truth which cuts asunder their bewilderment. @num = 10 Glories to the glowing reservoir of happiness called nandatƒrtha (œrƒ Madhv€c€rya)! Those in this world who are intelligent declare him to be the boat for crossing the ocean of sa…s€ra. @num = 11 A thoughtful person should always consider the principle of unbroken disciplic succession, because it is the means by which one becomes fixed in undeviating determination and by which Lord Hari becomes satisfied. @num = 12<196>13 Mantras which have no samprad€ya connection are useless. Therefore the four original samprad€yas will have their representatives even in the Kali-yuga. The four Vai‹†avas who sanctify this earth--goddess œrƒ, Brahm€, Rudra and Sanaka--each manifest their influence in Kali-yuga through the power of the Supreme Personality of Godhead manifest in Orissa (Lord Jagann€tha). @num = 14 Goddess œrƒ chose R€m€nuja, four-headed Brahm€ chose M€dhv€c€rya, Rudra chose œrƒ Vi‹†u Sv€mƒ, and the four Sanas chose Nimb€ditya. @num = 15<196>18 Naming them in order, we praise and worship with devotion œrƒ K‰‹†a, Devar‹i N€rada, B€dar€ya†a Vy€sa, Madhva, Padman€bha, N‰hari, M€dhava, Ak‹obhya, Jaya Tƒrtha, Jˆ€nasindhu, Day€nidhi, Vidy€nidhi, R€jendra, Jayadharma, Puru‹ottama, Brahma†ya, Vy€sa Tƒrtha, Lak‹mƒpati, œrƒm€n M€dhavendra with his disciples œrƒ ’Œvara Purƒ, Lord Advaita and Lord Nity€nanda, the spiritual masters of the universe, and the disciple of ’Œvara Purƒ, the Supreme Lord Caitanya Mah€prabhu, who delivered the world by His gift of pure love of K‰‹†a. @num = 19 This bh€‹ya was compiled by the intelligent Baladeva under the order of œrƒ Govinda. Thus it became known as the Govinda-bh€‹ya. @num = 20 After studying all the Vedas, which are very dear to the husband of goddess Lak‹mƒ, and after surveying the literatures of S€‡khya and the other philosophies, those who are intelligent should engage in the study of this commentary. @num = 21 The spiritual master and his twice-born disciple should first bathe and perform their other preparatory duties. Then they should sit down together to hear and recite this commentary, preceeded and followed by auspicious chants for peace. @num = 22 Since most people are too lazy to take up the study of a book which is excessively long, I have made this sub-commentary of the Govinda-bh€‹ya a concise one. @num = 23 May that same Govinda, the Supreme Soul by whose order œrƒ Vidy€bhŽ‹a†a composed his bh€‹ya, also make me compile this SŽk‹ma-ƒk€ on it. @num = 24 May those who expertly relish the topmost revealed scriptures, the saintly, merciful devotees attracted to the lotus feet of Lord K‰‹†a, constantly bestow their favor on me. @num = 25 May the breaker of Indra's pride protect us. He is the Indra of the cows. (Bh€g. 10.26.25) @num = 26 O goddess Earth, those who see Govinda in V‰nd€vana go not to the city of Yamar€ja but to the destination of the pious. @num = 27 Glories to the son of Satyavatƒ! With the sun-rays of his sŽtras he has dispelled all darkness and shown the real objects of truth. He is the all-pervading sun-god himself, and is most affectionate to those who bow down to him. @num = 28<196>34 Knowledge as originally established by Lord N€r€ya†a remained steady during the Satya-yuga. But by the curse of Gautama ˜‹i it became somewhat distorted in the Tret€-yuga, and altogether so in the Dv€para-yuga. When knowledge had come to point of being nondifferent from ignorance, the demigods' intelligence became confounded. Led by Brahm€ and Rudra, they went to take shelter of the abode of all shelter, the all-perfect Lord N€r€ya†a. Entreated by them for help, the Personality of Godhead descended as the greatest of yogƒs, begotten by Par€Œara in his wife Satyavatƒ. Thus Lord Hari appeared in person and saved the endangered Vedas. œrƒ K‰‹†a Dv€ip€yana divided them into four parts in order to preserve their message, and then further divided them into twenty-four, one hundred, one, and one thousand parts, and finally into twelve more divisions. He produced the Brahma-sŽtras, which manifestly adhere to the defining standards of a sŽtra work: The authoritative knowers of sŽtra literature have defined a sŽtra as that which is expressed in few syllables, is free from ambiguity, contains essential knowledge, covers all aspects of its subject, has no interruptions, and is faultless. (Skanda Pur€†a) @num = 35 The performer of the C€turm€sya sacrifice earns pious credits which can never be depleted. @num = 36 There is one eternal being (or, one female goat) giving birth to many offspring resembling herself, in various colors of red, white and black. (œvet€Œvatara Up. 4.5) @num = 37 By his magic powers, King Indra appears in numerous forms. (B‰had-€ra†yaka Up. 2.5.19) @num = 38 The one soul of all beings is situated in each and every one of them. He appears as one and also as many, just like the moon reflected in water. (Brahma-bindu Up. 12) @num = 39 The soul, thoroughly bewildered by illusion, takes up residence in a material body and acts in all sorts of ways, indulging in the various pleasures of women, food, drink and so on. But only when he again awakes to reality does he experience full satisfaction. (Kaivalya Up. 1.12) @num = 40 "Bring me a fig." "Here, sir." "Break it." "It is broken, sir." "And what do you see there?" "These small seeds, sir." "Break one of these, my boy." "It is broken, sir." "What do you see there?" "Nothing, sir." (Ch€ndogya Up. 6.12.1) @num = 41 In the beginning there was only the nonexistent. (Ch€ndogya Up. 3.19.1) @num = 42 At that time all this was unexpanded. By means of names and forms it then expanded. (B‰had-€ra†yaka Up. 1.4.7) @num = 43 He desired, "Let Me become many." (Ch€ndogya Up. 6.2.3) @num = 44 He then recognized Himself: "I am the Supreme." (B‰had-€ra†yaka Up. 1.4.10) @num = 45 Brahm€, it is I, the Personality of Godhead, who was existing before the creation, when there was nothing but Myself. Nor was there the material nature, the cause of this creation. That which you see now is also I, the Personality of Godhead, and after annihilation what remains will also be I, the Personality of Godhead. (Bh€g. 2.9.33) @num = 46 He is the one eternal among all the eternals, the one concious being among all the conscious beings. (Kaha Up. 5.13) @num = 47 She is the eternal cow who has no voice. (Chullik€ Up. 5) @num = 48 My dear boy, in the beginning only the Real was present. (Ch€ndogya Up. 6.2.1) @num = 49 Now these things are eternal: the Supreme Person, nature, the soul and time. These, on the other hand, are noneternal: the vital air, the soul's conditioned attitude, the physical elements and the elements' products. Whatever has a beginning is eternal, and whatever has no beginning is eternal. These entities--the Supreme Person, nature, the soul and time--are never generated and never dissolved. (Bh€lvaveya-Œruti) @num = 50 He is the creator of the universe and its knower, the omniscient, self-born manufacturer of time, the possessor of all qualities and knower of all things. He is the Lord of primordial nature and of the souls who experience material bodies. He is the controller of the modes of nature and the source of bondage to the wheel of material existence, maintenance within it and deliverance from it. (œvet€Œvatara Up. 6.16) @num = 51<196>53 Thus he fixed his mind, perfectly engaging it by linking it in devotional service without any tinge of materialism, and thus he saw the Absolute Personality of Godhead along with His external energy, which was under full control. Due to this external energy, the living entity, although transcendental to the three modes of material nature, thinks of himself as a material product and thus undergoes the reactions of material miseries." (Bh€g. 1.7.4<196>6) @num = 54 One should definitely know that all material ingredients, activities, time and modes, and the living entities who are meant to enjoy them all, exist by His mercy only, and as soon as He does not care for them, everything becomes nonexistent. (Bh€g. 2.10.12) @num = 55 This work is the purport of the Brahma-sŽtras,D<> the perfect ascertainment of the Mah€bh€rata's message, the proper commentary on the G€yatrƒ mantra. It is replete with the imports of the Vedas, and is the S€ma Veda among the Pur€†as. Spoken directly by the Personality of Godhead, it has twelve Cantos, hundreds of chapters, and eighteen thousand verses. Its name is œrƒmad-Bh€gavatam. (Garua Pur€†a) @num = 56 He who is the "great one" is also pleasure, and there is no other pleasure. Since the great one alone is pleasure, one should become inquisitive about Him. (Ch€ndogya Up. 7.23.1) @num = 57 My dear Maitreyƒ, it is the soul that one should envision, hear about, ponder and meditate upon. (B‰had-€ra†yaka Up. 4.5.6) @num = 58 We have drunk the soma and become immortal. (˜g Veda 8.43) @num = 59 After attaining knowledge one should then become wise. (B‰had-€ra†yaka Up. 4.4.21) @num = 60 Here one should worship the Self only as his destination. (B‰had-€ra†yaka Up. 1.4.5) @num = 61 One should meditate on the Self by chanting om. @num = 62 Intelligent br€hma†as try to understand Him by reciting the Vedas, by sacrifices, by charity, by penances and by fasting. (B‰had-€ra†yaka Up. 4.4.22) @num = 63 This Soul is attained by truth, penance, correct knowledge and constant celibacy. (Mu†aka Up. 3.1.5) @num = 64 A br€hma†a becomes perfect simply by japa chanting. Whether he does anything else or not, still he is to be considered a true br€hma†a. (Manu-sa…hit€ 2.87) @num = 65 Just try to learn the truth by approaching a spiritual master. Inquire from him submissively and render service unto him. The self-realized souls can impart knowledge unto you because they have seen the truth. (Bg. 4.34) @num = 66 Thus just as whatever goal in this world one earns by ritual work will be eventually depleted, so also the higher pious destination one earns for the next life will also be depleted. (Ch€ndogya Up. 8.1.6) @num = 67 One who is spiritually intelligent should see how all elevations to higher worlds are just material reactions to work. With this in mind, he should learn indifference, since the unmade eternal cannot be achieved by anything created. He should approach a spiritual master to obtain realized knowledge of this truth; carrying firewood in his hands, he should approach him who is steeped in the scriptures and dedicated to the Absolute. (Mu†aka Up. 1.2.12) @num = 68 In the same way as one captures deer by using other deer, birds by using birds, and elephants by using elephants, so the object of knowledge is acquired only by knowledge itself. @num = 69 Brahman is unlimited truth and knowledge. (Taittirƒya Up. 2.1) @num = 70 One should understand Brahman as ecstasy. (Taittirƒya Up. 2.6) @num = 71 The Supreme is declared by Œruti to have manifold energies, inherent to his essential being, in the categories of knowledge, power and activity. (œvet€Œvatara Up. 6.8) @num = 72 He is the shelter and the well-wisher of all. (œvet€Œvatara Up. 3.17) @num = 73 Attainable by loving devotion, He is said to depend on no shelter. (œvet€Œvatara Up. 5.14) @num = 74 The sober sages who worship Him seated on His throne alone achieve eternal happiness, not anyone else. (Gop€la-t€panƒ Up. 1.6) @num = 75 Those who drink through aural reception, fully filled with the nectarean message of Lord K‰‹†a, the beloved of the devotees, purify the polluted aim of life known as material enjoyment and thus go back to Godhead, to the lotus feet of Him [the Personality of Godhead]. (Bh€g. 2.2.37) @num = 76 Because I desire that human beings may achieve perfection, I have presented three paths of advancement--the path of knowledge, the path of work and the path of devotion. Besides these three there is absolutely no other means of elevation. (Bh€g. 11.20.6) @num = 77 Know that K‰‹†a-dvaip€yana Vy€sa is Lord N€r€ya†a Himself. (Vi‹†u Pur€†a) @num = 78 Bh‰gu V€ru†i approached his father Varu†a and asked, "My dear sir, please teach me about Brahman.<170><193><169>That from which all these beings are born, having been born by which they live, and to which they return and enter once again--that is Brahman, and that you should desire to know." (Taittirƒya Up. 3.1) @num = 79 If the conscious soul comes to know the Supreme and subsequently is no longer bewildered, he will abandon the contamination of his material embodiment and will partake of all desireable enjoyments. (Taittirƒya Up. 2.5) @num = 80 If the other entity, the jƒva, were presumed to be the creator of the universe, there would be the undesirable consequence of (the jƒva as) Brahman doing evil, his failing to always act beneficially, and other faults (such as becoming fatigued). (V.s. 2.1.21) @num = 81 And why is it called Brahman? Because infinitely expansive qualities reside in it. @num = 82 Satya… jˆ€nam anantam cannot refer to the jƒva, because that would be logically inconsistent. (V.s. 1.1.16) @num = 83 And because there is a specific declaration of difference (raso vai sa‚, rasa… hy ev€yam labdhv€nandƒ bhavati, Taittirƒya Up. 2.7). (V.s. 1.1.17) @num = 84 The "shelter of heaven and earth" is Brahman, because it is the goal that the liberated souls gradually approach. (V.s. 1.3.2) @num = 85 The word €k€Œa indicates the Supreme Self (not the liberated jƒva), because the word refers to something other than the individual souls, and for other reasons also. (k€Œa evolves into names and forms, but the jƒva cannot do this.) (V.s. 1.3.41) @num = 86 The "sameness" of the jƒva and Brahman is only in the matter of their enjoyment, as indicated in Œruti. (V.s. 4.4.21) @num = 87 Consideration of the jƒv€tm€ is for the purpose of understanding the other €tm€. (V.s. 1.3.20) @num = 88 The characteristic indicators of a passage's meaning are 1) the beginning and end, 2) repetition, 3) uniqueness, 4) consequence, 5) eulogy, and 6) supporting reasons. (B‰hat-sa…hit€) @num = 89 Two friendly birds share the same tree. One of them eats the pippala berries, thinking them sweet, while the other refrains from eating and simply watches. The living being is absorbed in attachment to the tree which he shares with the Supersoul, and because he cannot control his situation he is bewildered and laments. But when he turns his attention to His neighbor, the Lord, and begins to worship Him, he again resumes his own glory and is freed from sorrow. (œvet€Œvatara Up. 4.6<196>7) @num = 90 When one recognizes that the soul and its inspirer are separate, one worships Him and by His grace attains to immortality. (œvet€Œvatara Up. 1.6) @num = 91 Any valid declaration of oneness with the Lord is in accordance with the vision of the revealed scripture, as in the case of V€madeva. (Ved€nta-sŽtra 1.1.30) @num = 92 These statements of Œruti reveal nondifference. @num = 94 Obeisances to K‰‹†a, whose form is composed of eternity, knowledge and bliss. He does everything without effort. He is to be understood though the Ved€nta, and is the spiritual master who witnesses the living entity's awareness. (Gop€la-t€panƒ Up. 1.1) @num = 95 I am enquiring about that Person who is known through the Upani‹ads. (B‰had-€ra†yaka Up. 3.9.26) @num = 96 He is thought about rationally by Gautama and others. @num = 97 One who does not know the Vedas cannot think about that Supreme. <(I>œay€ya†ƒya Up. 4) @num = 98 Conjecture means hypothesizing about what a passage of scripture specifically means, in concordance with its previous and succeeding contexts. But dry conjecture is to be rejected. (KŽrma Pur€†a, Vana-parva) @num = 99 If one says that "logic is never conclusive," the same rule can be used to posit just the opposite of itself, and that would result in the possibility of liberation being impossible to prove. (V.s. 2.1.11) @num = 100 [Ordinary facts do not apply to Brahman] on the evidence of Œruti, and the transcendental sound is the basis of all such knowledge. (V.s. 2.1.27) @num = 101 Since the revealed scripture exists for the purpose of sacred ritual work, texts which fail to serve this purpose are useless and therefore are called impermanent. (Mƒm€…s€-sŽtra 1.2.1) @num = 102 The passages which do not directly stipulate an action to be executed are still meaningful due to their logical connection with passages that do directly stipulate actions. After all, statements are founded on the actual objects they refer to. (Mƒm€…s€-sŽtra 1.1.25) @num = 103 Brahman is unlimited truth and knowledge. (Taittirƒya Up. 2.1) @num = 104 One who knows the Supreme hidden within the transcendental sky of the cavity of the heart enjoys all desirable things in the company of the all-wise Supreme. (Taittirƒya Up. 2.1) @num = 106 He whom all the Vedas sing about. (Gop€la-t€panƒ Up.) @num = 107 That entity which all the Vedas refer to. (Kaha Up. 1.2.15) @num = 108 By all the Vedas, I am to be known. Indeed, I am the compiler of Ved€nta, and I am the knower of the Vedas. (Bg. 15.15) @num = 109 In the entire world no one but Me actually understands the confidential purpose of Vedic knowledge. Thus people do not know what the Vedas are actually prescribing in the ritualistic injunctions of the karma-k€†a, or what object is actually being indicated in the formulas of worship found in the up€san€-k€†a, or that which is elaborately discussed through various hypotheses in the jˆ€na-k€†a section of the Vedas. I am the ritualistic sacrifice enjoined by the Vedas, and I am the worshipable Deity. It is I who am presented as various philosophical hypotheses, and it is I alone who am then refuted by philosophical analysis. (Bh€g. 11.21.42<196>43) @num = 110 That from approaching which words and the mind desist, even having not reached it. (Taittirƒya Up. 2.4) @num = 111 That which is not expressed by words, but by which language comes into being--know that to be the Supreme, and not this upon which you now meditate. (Kena Up. 1.4) @num = 112 Words, mind and ego, with their respective controlling demigods, have failed to achieve success in knowing the Supreme Personality of Godhead. Therefore, we simply have to offer our respectful obeisances unto Him as a matter of sanity. (Bh€g. 3.6.40) @num = 113 Even unborn Brahm€ is not capable of describing Him completely. @num = 114 The Self alone was present in the beginning of this creation, in the form of the creative Supreme Person. (B‰had-€ra†yaka Up. 1.4.1) @num = 115 The Self alone was present in the beginning of this creation; nothing else was manifest. He glanced and thought, "Let me create worlds." (Aitareya Up. 1.1) @num = 116 Learned transcendentalists who know the Absolute Truth call this nondual substance Brahman, Param€tm€ and Bhagav€n. (Bh€g. 1.2.11) @num = 117 My dear Maitreya, the word bhagav€n refers to the Supreme Truth, known as the pure and the all-powerful, the cause of all causes. (Vi‹†u Pur€†a) @num = 118 In the beginning of this creation only the nonexistent was present; from it was generated the existent. It produced itself. (Taittirƒya Up. 2.7) @num = 119 When this soul fixes himself in fearless connection with this Supreme, which is not an object of sight, not an object of personal sense gratification, not capable of being fully described, and not dependent on any source of illumination, then one becomes actually fearless. When, however, this soul makes petty distinctions, he then becomes fearful. (Taittirƒya Up. 2.7) @num = 120 Lord Hari has no connection with the material modes. He is the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the all-seeing eternal witness, who is transcendental to material nature. One who worships Him becomes similarly free from the material modes. (Bh€g. 10.88.5) @num = 121 Give up other words. (Mu†aka Up. 2.2.5) @num = 122 The Personality of Godhead is perfect and complete. And because He is completely perfect, all emanations from Him, such as this phenomenal world, are perfectly equipped as a complete whole. Whatever is produced of the complete whole is also complete by itself. And because He is the complete whole, even though so many complete units emanate from Him, He remains the complete balance. (B‰had-€ra†yaka Up. 5.1.1) @num = 123 That Lord, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, transcendental to the qualities of matter, becomes many. Then again Lord Hari, the faultless, primeval creator, becomes once more one and lies down to rest. (Padma Pur€†a) @num = 124 O conquerer of wealth, there is no truth superior to Me. (Bg. 7.7) @num = 125 The one Lord lies hidden within every living being. He is all-pervading, and dwells within everyone's heart. He overlooks the maintenance of religious principles and gives shelter to all. He is the all-cognizant witness, pure and untouched by the material modes. (Sub€la Up. 6.11) @num = 126 Brahman is that which is designated as "imperceptible" and so on, because in such statements His qualities are being described. (V.s. 1.2.21) @num = 127 In that Lord the material modes of goodness and so on have no presence. @num = 128 He possesses all auspicious qualities. @num = 129 Because His qualities are unknown, therefore He is said to have no name.