BHAVISYA PURANA, Pratisarga Parva, Chapter 4

Suta Goswami said: "Once upon a time in Hastinapura, Pradyota, the son of 
Ksemaka, was leading an assembly and meanwhile the great sage Narada arrived 
there. King Pradyota happily honored him. Having been seated on the seat the 
sage told king Pradyota that his father was killed by the mlecchas, therefore 
he attained Yamaloka or the hellish planet. 'If you perform a 'mleccha-yajna', 
then by the effect of this sacrifice your father will attain the heavenly 
planets.'

"Hearing this king Pradyota immediately called the best of the learned 
Brahmanas and started 'mleccha-yajna' in Kuruksetra. They build a yajna-kunda 
which was a 16 yojanas in square. They meditated on the demigods and offered 
oblations of mlecchas. There are haras, hunas, barvaras, gurundas, sakas, 
khasas, yavanas, pallavas, romajas and those who are situated in different 
dvipas and in kamaru, china and the middle of ocean, all of them were called 
with the mantra and burned to ashes. Then he (the king) gave daksina 
(donation) to the brahmanas and performed abhiseka. As a result his father 
Ksemaka went to heavenly planets. After that he became famous everywhere as a 
mleccha-hanta or destroyer of mlecchas. He ruled the earth for ten thousand 
years and went to heaven. He had a son named Vedavan who ruled for two 
thousand years. 

"Then the mleccha-Kali worshiped himself and prayed to the Lord Narayana along 
with his wife. After sometime the Lord appeared to him and said that this age 
is a good time for him. 'I will fulfill your desire having various kinds of 
forms. There is a couple of Adama and his wife Havyavati. They are born from 
Vishnu-Kardama and will increase the generations of mlecchas.' Saying this, 
the Lord disappeared. Having great joy the Kali went to Nilachala [corrupted] 
the Lord."

Vyasa said: "Now you hear the future story narrated by Suta Goswami. This is 
full story of the Kali-yuga, hearing this you will become satisfied."

(NOTE: VYASA TOLD THIS STORY TO HIS MIND) In the eastern side of Pradan city 
there there is a big God-given forest, which is 16 square miles in size. The 
man named Adam was staying there under a papa-vrksa or a sinful tree and was 
eager to see his wife Havyavati. The Kali quickly came there assuming a form 
of a serpent. He cheated them and disobeyed Lord Visnu. The husband ate the 
fruit, then they lived by eating air with the leaves called udumbara. 
Afterwards they had sons and all of them became mlecchas. Hid duration of life 
was nine-hundred thirty years. He offered oblations with fruits and went to 
heaven with his wife. His son named Sveta-nama lived nine-hundred and twelve 
years. His son Anuta ruled one-hundred years less than his father. His son 
Kinasa ruled as much as his grandfather. His son Malahalla ruled eight-hundred 
ninety five years. His son Virada ruled 160 years. His son Hanuka was devoted 
to Lord Visnu, and offering oblations of the fruits he achieved salvation. He 
ruled 365 years and went to heaven with the same body being engaged in 
mleccha-dharma.

The good behavior, wisdom, having qualities like a brahmana and worship of 
God, these things are called mleccha-dharma. The great souls have declared 
that the dharma of the mleccha is devotion to Visnu, worship of fire, 
nonviolence, austerity and control of the senses. 

The son of Hamuka was Matocchila. He ruled over 970 years. His son Lomaka 
ruled 777 years and went to heaven. His son Nyuha ruled 500 years. He had 
three sons named Sima, Sama and Bhava. Nyuha was a devotee of Lord Visnu.

Once Lord appeared in his dream and said: "My dear Nyuha, please listen, there 
will be devastation on the seventh day. Therefore, you have to be very quick 
that you make a big boat and ride on it. O king of the devotees, you will be 
celebrated as a great king."

Then he made a strong boat which was 300 feet long, 50 feet wide and 30 feet 
high. It was beautiful and all the living entities could take shelter in it. 
He then himself rode in engaged in meditating on Lord Visnu. 

Lord Indra called the devastating cloud named Sambartaka and poured heavy rain 
continuously for 40 days. The whole earth, Bharata-varsa had merged in the 
water and four oceans came up together, but didn't came to Visala or 
Badarikasrama. There were 80,000 great transcendentalists in Visala who joined 
the king Nyuha and his family. All of them were saved and everything else was 
destroyed.  

At that time all the sages praised the external energy of Lord Visnu. Being 
pleased by the prayers of the sages, the Visnu-Maya reduced the water of 
devastation. After one year gradually the earth become visible. Under the hill 
there is a place named Sisina and the king was situated in that place with his 
other people. When the water completely dried up, king Nyuha came back to his 
place.

Suta Goswami continued: "The mleccha, king Nyuha became attached to Lord Visnu 
and as a result Lord Visnu increased his generation. Then he created a 
language fit for the mlecchas, unfavorable to the Vedas. He named it 
brahmi-bhasa or brahmi language full of bad words, for increasing of 
Kali-yuga. The Lord who is Himself the master of intelligence gave this 
language to Nyuha. Nyuha named his three sons opposite. They were known as 
Sima, Hama, Yakuta and also Yakuta, Saptaputra, Jumara and Majuya. The name of 
their countries were known as Madi, Yunana, Stuvaloma, Tasa and Tirasa. Hama 
who was the second son of his father, had four sons know as Kusa, Misra, Kuja 
and Kanaam. Kusa had six sons - Havila, Sarva, Toragama, Savatika, Nimaruha 
and Mahavala. Their sons were known as Kamala, Sinara and Uraka. And their 
country names are Akvada, Bavuna and Rasana."

After telling this story Suta Goswami influenced by Yoga-nidra fall asleep. He 
woke up after two thousand years and thereupon he said: "Now I'm going to tell 
about the generation of Sima. Because he was the first son of his father he 
became a king. This mleccha king ruled over the country for 500 years. His son 
Arkansoda ruled 434 years. His son Sihla ruled over 460 years. His son 
Iratasya ruled the same as his father. His son Phataja did 240 years. His son 
Rau did 237 years. His son Juja ruled the same as his father. His son Nahura 
did 160 years, and he destroyed many inimical kings. His son Tahara ruled same 
as his father. He had three sons: Avirama, Nahura and Harana. Thus is 
explained the generation of mlecchas with the indication of their names only. 

"The mleccha language is considered lowest language because it bears the curse 
of goddess Sarasvati. I have narrated the increase of the mlecchas in 
Kali-yuga very shortly. Sanskrit is the language by which the whole 
Bharata-varsa is being praised and being famous. The same language, when went 
to another country, became mleccha language and mlecchas were taking advantage 
of it."

After hearing all this, the sages situated in Badarikasrama, worshiped Lord 
Nara-Narayana and meditated upon them for 200 years. When they woke up from 
their meditation, they inquired from their teacher Lomaharsana (Suta Goswami).

"O disciple of Lord Vyasa, you are so fortunate and greatly intelligent, you 
may live long. Now please tell us who is the king at the present time?

Suta Goswami said: "At the present time, the Kali-yuga have already passed its 
3000 years. Now the king Sankha is ruling the earth and in the mleccha 
countries the king named Sakapat. Please hear about how they came up.

"When the Kali-yuga passed its 2000 years, the dynasty of mlecchas increased. 
They created many paths to grow and gradually the whole earth become full of 
mlecchas. The acarya of the mlecchas named Musa was residing on the bank of 
river Sarasvati and he spread his doctrine throughout the whole world. As soon 
as Kali-yuga started, the devotion to the Lord and the language of the Vedas 
were destroyed. There are four kinds of mleccha languages: Vraja-bhasa, 
Maharastri, Yavani and Gurundika. 

(note: Vraja-bhasa is the language of the inhabitants of Vraja in Vrndavana. 
Maharastri is the language of those who reside in the state of Maharastra. 
Yavani is the language of Yavana or Musalman (Urdu). Gurundika is the language 
of Gurundas, Britishers.)

"In this way there are four million kinds of other languages, for example: 
paniyam-water is called pani, bubhuksa-hunger is called bhukh. 
Paniyam-drinking is called papadi and bhojanam-eating si called kakkanam... 
Isti is called suddharava, istini is called masapavani, ahuti is called aju 
and dadati is called dadhati. The pitri is called paitara and bhrata is bather 
and also pati. This is yavani language in which the asva is called aspa, Janu 
is jainu and sapta-sindhu is called sapta-hindu. 

"Now you hear about Gurundika language. Ravi-vara (the first day of the week) 
is called Sunday, Phalguna and Chaitra (Gaura-purnima) is called pharvari or 
February. Sasti is called sixty, these kinds of examples are there. Crime is 
becoming prominent in the holy place of Sapta-puri. Gradually the people of 
Aryavarta are becoming dacoits, sabaras, bhillas and fools. The followers of 
mleccha-dharma in mleccha countries are intelligent and having good qualities, 
whereas the people of Aryavarta are bereft of good qualities. Thus the ruling 
of mlecchas is also in Bharata (India) and its islands. Knowing all this, O 
great sage, the great intelligent one, you should just perform the devotional 
service to Lord Hari."

(NOTE 1: According to the description of Sri Caitanya Caritamrta the Savaras 
(Sabaras) are those people who were serving Lord Jagannatha since so long upto 
the Lord's appearance in Jagannatha Puri. In Valmiki Ramayana the bhillas are 
described as the [missing])

The great sage Saunaka inquired: "Please tell us, what was the reason that the 
mlecchas did not arrived in Brahmavarta.

Suta Goswami said: "That was by the influence of goddess Sarasvati that they 
could not go to that place. By the order of the demigods, when the Kali-yuga 
pursued his 1000 years, a brahmana named Kasyapa come down to the earth from 
heavenly planet with his wife Aryavati. They had ten spotless sons who are 
known by the names as: Upadhyaya, Diksita, Pathaka, Sukla, Misra, Agnihotri, 
Dvi-vedi, Tri-vedi, Catur-vedi and Pandey. All of them were learned and full 
of knowledge. He went to Kasmir and worshiped goddess Sarasvati with red 
flowers, red aksata (rice), incense, lamp, naivedya (food offering) and 
puspanjali (offering flowers). To make her pleased he praised her with some 
prayers, asking her for better knowledge of Sanskrit to put mlecchas into 
illusion. Being pleased by his prayers she remained situated in his mind and 
blessed him with knowledge. Then the sage went to the country known as Misra 
and put all the mlecchas into illusion by the grace of the mother Sarasvati. 
Then he turn some 10.000 people as dvija or twice born, 2000 people became 
vaisyas and the rest of them sudras. He came back with them and staying in 
Arya-desa (Note: The tract extending from the eastern to the western ocean, 
and bounded on the north and south by the mountains of Himalayas and Vindhya 
respectively is known as Aryavarta or Aryadesa - country inhabited by the 
Aryans) he engaged in the activities of the sages. They are known as Aryans 
and by the grace of goddess Sarasvati their generation gradually increased up 
to 4 million, both the men and women with their sons and grandsons and their 
king Kasyapa Muni ruled the earth 120 years.

"There were 8000 sudras in the county known as Rajputra (Rajput) and their 
king was Arya-prthu. His son was Magadha. The sage made him a king and went 
out."

Saunaka inquired: "O disciple of Vyasa, O Lomaharsana, (In SB the name of Suta 
Goswami is known as Romaharsana and elsewhere is Lomaharsana, but there is no 
chance for confusion because according to grammatical rules sometimes the 
letter La and Ra is considered same) please tell us who were the kings to rule 
the earth in Kali-yuga, after Magadhas?"

Suta Goswami said: "When the king Magadha, the son of Kasyapa, was ruling the 
earth, he remembered his father's administration and he separated the Aryadesa 
into many states. The state which is in eastern side of the Pancala is known 
as Magadha, the state of Kalinga is in east-south, the state of Avanta is in 
south, Amrta-desa is in south-west, Sindhu-desa on the west, Kaikaya is in 
north-west, Madra-desa is in north, Koninda-desa is in north-east side. These 
states are named according to his sons' name. After performing sacrifice he 
gave them to his sons. Lord Balabhadra became pleased with his sacrifice, and 
Sisunaga appeared from the sacrifice as his son. He ruled 100 years and his 
son Kakavarma ruled 90 years. His son Ksemadharma ruled for 80 years and his 
son ? 70 years. His son Vedamisra 60 years. His son Ajata-nipu ruled 50 years. 
His son Darbhaka 40 years, his son Udayasva 30 years, his son Nanda-vardhana 
20 years, his son Nanda-suta also 20 years. He was born from the womb of a 
sudrani or a low class lady. His son Pranancala ruled for 10 years, his son 
Parananda also 10 years, his son Samananda ruled 20 years, his son Priyananda 
20 years, his son Devananda also 20 years, his son Yajna-bhanga 10 years, his 
son Mauryananda 10 years, his son Mahananda 10 years.

"At this time, when Lord Hari was remembered by Kali, the great famous 
Gautama, the son of Kasyapa, introduced the Bauddha religion, and attained 
Lord Hari in Pattana or a city. Gautama ruled over 10 years, from him 
Sakyamuni was born, who ruled 20, his son Suddhodana 30 years, his son 
Sakyasimha became the king on Satadri after 2000 years and he ruled 60 years. 
By that time all the people were bauddhas. This is the first position of 
Kali-yuga and the Vedic path or religion was destroyed. 

"If Lord Visnu becomes a king then all the people would follow Him. The 
activities of the world are carried out by the prowess of Lord Visnu. He is 
the master of maya or the illusory energy and whoever takes shelter of that 
Lord Hari, though he may be a sinful and abominable person, it is said that he 
will become liberated.

"Buddha-simha was born from Sakyasimha and he ruled 30 years only. 
Buddha-simha's son was Chandra-gupta, who married with a daughter of Suluva, 
the Yavana king of Pausasa. Thus he mixed the bauddhas and yavanas. He ruled 
60 years, from him Vindusara was born and ruled the same amount of years as 
his father. His son was Asoka. At this time the best of the brahmanas of 
Kanyakubja performed sacrifice on the top of a mountain named Arbuda. By the 
influence of Vedic mantras, four Ksatriyas appeared from the yajna:

"Pramara was samavedi, Chapahani was yajurvedi, Sukla was rigvedi and 
Pariharaka was the atharvavedi. They were accustomed to ride on the elephants. 
They kept Ashoka ('without lamentation') under their control and annihilated 
all the bauddhas. It is said there were 4 millions bauddhas and all of them 
were killed by uncommon weapons. After that Pramara became king in Avanta and 
he constructed a big city called Ambavati for his happiness. It was as big as 
4 yojanas or about 36 miles."

Then Suta Goswami said: "My dear brahmanas I'm being influenced by yoga-nidra, 
therefore, please go to your respective asramas and meditate on Lord Visnu.:

After the completion of 2000 years, Suta Goswami said: "When the Kali-yuga had 
passed its 3710 years, at that time the king was Pramara who ruled 6 years, 
from him Mahamada was born. He ruled 3 years and his son Devapi did the same 
as his father. His son Devaduta also did the same. From him Gandharvasena was 
born, who went to the forest ruling over 50 years and having given his kingdom 
to his son Sankha. Sankha ruled over 30 years. The Lord Indra sent a heavenly 
girl named Viramati to Gandharvasena. A jewel like son was born form her womb. 
At the time of his birth, there was flower rain from the sky, many auspicious 
instruments were played and the wind was blowing pleasingly. The name of the 
baby was Siva-drsti, who later left for jungle with his disciples. After 20 
years he became perfect in karma-yoga. 

"When Kali-yuga completed its 3000 years, the terrible symptoms of Kali 
appeared. That baby took birth in the secret place of Kailasa, by the 
benediction of Lord Siva to destroy the Sakas and to increase the Arya-dharma 
or the Vedic religion. His father Gandharvasena named his son as Vikramaditya 
and became happy. This child was very intelligent and very pleasing to his 
parents. When he was 5 years old, he left in the forest to perform austerities 
and he continued upto 12 years. After 12 years he went to the holy city named 
Ambavati with all the opulence and accepted the transcendental throne sent by 
Lord Siva. For his security goddess Parvati created a Vetala (a king of 
ghosts) and sent it to king Vikramaditya's palace.

"Once the powerful king went to the temple of Lord Siva named as 
Mahakalesvara, the god of the gods, who is having a bow named Pinaka, and 
worshiped him. In that place he built a religious council hall with the 
pillars made of various metals and decorated with many kinds of jewels and 
covered with many plants, creepers and flowers. In that hall he kept a 
celestial throne. He invited the foremost brahmanas who are well-versed in 
Vedic knowledge, worshiped them with proper hospitality and heard many 
religious histories from them. After that one demigod named Vitala come there 
having a form of a brahmana, glorifying and blessing the king, sat down on the 
seat and said: O master of this earthly planet, king Vikramaditya, if you are 
very eager to hear them I will describe the ? stories and histories to you."

Thus ends the 7th chapter of Bhavisya Purana, 3rd Part of Pratisarga Parva


Sri Suta Gosvami said: "In the dynasty of king Salivahana, there were ten 
kings who went to heavenly planets after ruling over 500 years. Then gradually 
the morality was declining from the earth. At that time Bhojaraja was the 
tenth king on the earth. When he saw that the moral law on conduct is 
declining he went to conquer all the directions of his country with 
ten-thousand armies and the commander Kalidasa and some other brahmanas. He 
crossed the river Sindhu and conquered over the gandharas, mlecchas, sakas, 
kasmiris, naravas and sathas. He punished them and had got a big amount of 
wealth. Then the king went to Mahadeva, the great god, Lord Siva, situated in 
the desert along with Mahamada, the preceptor of mleccha-dharma, and his 
followers. He bathed Lord Siva with Ganges water and worshiped in the mind 
with pancagavya and candan etc. after he offered some prayers and pleased him.

"After hearing king's prayers, Lord Siva said: 'O king Bhojaraja, you should 
go to the place called Mahakalesvara, that land is called Vahika and now is 
being contaminated by the mlecchas. In that terrible country exists no more 
arya-dharma. There was a mystic demon named Tripura, whom I have already 
burned to ashes, but he came again by the order of Bali. He has no origin but 
he achieved benediction from me. His name is Mahamada and his deeds are like 
those of a ghost. Therefore, O king, you should not come to this land of 
rascal ghost. By my mercy your intelligence will be purified.'

"Hearing this the king came back to his country and Mahamada came with them to 
the bank of the river Sindhu. He was expert in expanding illusion, so he said 
to the king very pleasingly: 'O great king, your god has become my servant. 
Just see, as he eats my remnants, so I will show you.' The king became 
surprised when he saw this just before them. Then in anger Kalidasa rebuked 
Mahamada, 'O rascal, you have created illusion to bewilder the king, I will 
kill you, you are lowest [text corrupted] there being engaged in 
intoxication.' That city in known as their pilgrimage, a place which was 
(Madahina) or Madina, free from intoxication. 

Having a form of a ghost, the expert illusory Mahamada appeared at night in 
front of king Bhojaraja and said: O king, your religion, the arya-dharma is of 
course known as the best religion among all, still I'm going to establish a 
terrible demoniac religion by the order of the Lord, and the symptoms of my 
followers will be that they first of all, will cut their genitals, have no 
sikha, but having beard, be wicked, make noise loudly (while reading Namaj) 
and eat everything. They should eat animals without performing any rituals, 
this is my opinion. They will perform purificatory act with the musala or a 
pestle as you purify your things with kusa. Therefore, they will be known as 
musalman, the corrupters of religion. Thus the demoniac religion will be 
founded by me. After having heard all this the king came back to his palace 
and that ghost went back to his place.

The intelligent king Bhojaraja established the language of Sanskrit in three 
varnas or the brahmanas, ksatriyas and vaisyas, and for the sudras he 
established prakrta-bhasa, the ordinary language spoken by common men. After 
ruling his kingdom for 50 years, he went to heavenly planet. The moral laws 
established by him were honored even by the demigods. The Aryavarta, the pious 
land, is situated between Vindhyacala and Himacala or the mountains known as 
Vindhya and Himalaya. The aryans reside there and varna-sankaras reside in the 
down part of Vindhya. And musalman people were kept on the other side of the 
river Sindhu. 

On the island of Barbara, Tusa and many others, also the followers of 
Isamasiha, were also situated as they were managed by a king or demigods.


Chapter 29

Long ago in the country known as Citraratha inhabitants of heavenly planets 
used to come to play during the time of autumn. One day a heavenly apsara know 
as Manjughosa come to that place where sage Suka was residing. Seeing this 
beautiful boy, she tried to attract him while singing and dancing being 
overwhelmed by lusty desires. She praised him with a beautiful prayer holding 
her hands and bowing down. Somehow, she pleased the muni. Then the glorious 
Suka, hearing this auspicious prayer asked her for a benediction. Manjughosa 
humbly said: "O lord, you are the protector of those who came to your shelter, 
therefore I'm at your shelter, please become my husband." The sage accepted 
her and after some time they produced a son named 'Muni' who performed 
austerity very strictly upto 12 years. He married with the daughter of 
Svarnadeva, the god of gold (Kuvera). They gave birth to a daughter Kinnari. 
She was very young and beautiful. She performed austerity to please lord Siva, 
and as benediction lord Siva entrusted her to a sober sage Makaranda. Then her 
father Muni asked lord Siva to bless her, so that they will successfully make 
progress in this world. 

Lord Siva said: "Upto 30 years you will enjoy your country in the middle of 
the earth, then it will be destroyed." After hearing this Muni went to his 
place with Makaranda and resided there. As soon as 29th year started, the 
battle took place among those kings who took birth as the incarnations of the 
associates of Krsna.

Bauddha, the lord of nyuhas (the lessened people) attacked the beautiful city 
of Netrapala, thinking that this city is wonderfully decorated with various 
kinds of ? and jewels. The powerful king Bauddha-simha who had seven-million 
armies, fought with those kings who had only three million armies. The fight 
went on terribly between the armies for seven days and nights. The great 
powerful kings, who killed all the inimical armies protected by Baudha-simha, 
were Yoga-simha, Bhoga-simha and Vijaya.

After that more bauddhas came from the countries known as Syama and Japaka, 
all of them were magicians. And again they had a big fight for a month. By the 
order of Netrapala, arrived Krsnamsa, Deva, Indula, Mandalika, Gautama, 
Talana, Dhanyapala, Lallasimha with their own carrier. Then Netrasimha arrived 
with seven million armies protected by these eight warriors, for the 
destruction of the bauddhas. Being afraid, all bauddhas left this country 
completely and went to China and made a battlefield. The opposing army also 
continued following them. When they arrived on the bank of Huha river, it was 
month of Magha, the second half part of the month of January, the fight took 
place again. There were one million armies from Syama and Japaka from each 
countries, and ten million armies from China assembled for a fight. On the 
other side, Krsnamsa, Deva, Netrapala, Mandalika, Dhanyapada, Lallasimha, 
Talana and Jana-nayaka, each of them having one million armies come to fight. 
There was a terrible fight between bauddhas and aryans. In that war seven 
million bauddhas, and two million aryans were killed. The bauddhas, being 
afraid, ran away from the fight and went to their home and produced a wooden 
army with the help of machinery arrangement. They made ten-thousand elephants 
(made out of wood) along with warriors, one million horses, one thousand 
buffaloes, one thousand hogs, one thousand tigers, one thousand swans, seven 
thousand camels. All these creatures have a wooden warriors on their back as 
if fighting. Thus by wooden army which was 125,000 in individual they 
destroyed two million armies protected by Krsnamsa.

Seeing this wonder, Jayanta, the expert fighter, shot fire arrows toward the 
wooden armies, so that they were immediately destroyed being burned to ashes. 
Only three million ksatriyas (warriors) left who glorified the proficient 
warrior Jayanta and praised him again and again. Then the China bauddhas made 
twenty thousand strong iron-horse men and sent them to fight. The powerful 
warrior Yogasimha, having rod on the elephant held the bow and arrows in his 
hands and shot to the neck of the iron warriors. Being afflicted by the arrows 
of Yogasimha five thousand armies were destroyed. Seeing this Bauddhasimha 
made an iron tiger and sent it to Yogasimha. By the attack of that iron tiger 
the brave Yogasimha was finally killed, and then Bhogasimha having rod on a 
horse, went to fight with the tiger. He killed that tiger throwing a missile 
and roared loudly. Then a lion was sent to him by Bauddhasimha and thus he 
(Bhogasimha) was killed by a lion. 

When the son of Svarna-vati (Jayanta) saw that his maternal uncles are already 
dead, he ride on a powerful horse and went to Bauddhasimha. He took an 
illusory arrows and put the opposing army into delusion along with 
Bauddhasimha. He captured ten-thousand kings, Bauddhasimha etc. and returned 
to Krsnamsa having destroyed the machinery industries. Then all of them 
happily went to the city and forcibly "looted" the wealth from his house, 
which was very opulent and came back to the fort of the king. Then Jayanta 
came and released Bauddhasimha. After being released he offered his daughter 
Padmaja to Jayanta who offered ten koti of golden coins for the pleasure of 
his daughter?-in-law. After that all the bauddhas made their vows saying, "We 
will never go to arya-desa to conquer the country." Then they offered their 
homage and left for Netrapala with their three million armies.


Chapter 31

Suta Goswami said: "The great powerful king of Madrakesa worshiped the 
mendicants of heavenly planet (Asvini kumaras) for five years and after having 
benediction from them he produced ten sons and one beautiful young daughter 
named Kantinati. The king Madraka invited Maharaja Suryavarna (the present 
king of Delhi) and gave him his daughter with proper conduct ?. Having 
accepted the new wife, Suryavarna quickly returned to his home with his army. 

"There was a mystic demon named Karbura, the son of Bibhisana, and when he saw 
Kantimati, the daughter of king Madrakesa, he came there, kidnapped her in 
their presence and went to a mountain called Sahyadri. Seeing this incident 
Mahiraja became very upset and lamented again and again. The Mahiraja came to 
Delhi and sent a message to Krsnamsa. He explained to him everything and 
immediately with five hundred warriors Krsnamsa went to Sahyadri mountain and 
said fearlessly: 'O best of the demons, please listen. Your father Bibhisana 
is a great devotee and you are dear son of him, therefore, you should not act 
in this way (sinfully) which is the cause of destruction of your family. Do 
you remember, long ago mother Sita was kidnapped by Ravana and what happened 
to him?'

The raksasa said, "Previously she was a daughter of Gandharva and my beloved 
wife, but because of a curse of a sage, she went on earth. Therefore, feeling 
her separation, I left the great city of Lanka and went to Madrakesa. Although 
I stayed there so many days, being afraid of him, I could not kidnap her. Now 
she is my control, but if you win me in fight then you can take her back." 

Then Krsnamsa started fighting with him having a sword and it went on for 
seven nights. Finally he won over the raksasa and with Kantimati came back to 
Delhi, to see Mahiraja. The king (mahiraja) offered koti golden coins to great 
Krsnamsa. Then he came to Pramodavana or the forest called Pramoda, with his 
friends.

Suta Goswami said: "There was a powerful king named Purnamala in Pattana. He 
worshiped Vasus for five years and received benediction from them. By their 
blessings he had ten sons and a daughter named Vidyunmala. For the marriage of 
her daughter he invited king Mahiraja and with seven million armies he gave 
his daughter to the son of Mahiraja (Bhima). 

"Bhima came back happily to his home, Delhi, with his beautiful wife. Then the 
king of paisaca-desa, musalman Sahoda, came with ten-thousand mlecchas to get 
Vidyunmala. He come to Kuruksetra by the order of Bali, the grandson of 
Prahlada Maharaja, broke the deities of gods, killed many cows and in the 
places of sacred water he put cow-blood. He wrote a letter and send a 
messenger to Mahiraja. The king Mahiraja answered: 'O mleccha king, you are 
the master of the mlecchas, why are you worried about Vidyunmala? You should 
know that I'm the one who can shot the arrows just by hearing a sound and I'm 
the central point of the country of the thieves.' Then the king went to 
Kuruksetra with three million armies. There was a big, terrible fight between 
them. At night of the month Jyesta or July, Bali Maharaja came from Patala, 
the lowest region, with ten-thousand demons and killed the armies of the king 
very quickly, eating them again and again. The king, being afraid, took 
shelter of goddess Sarasvati. After that immediately the Krsnamsa arrived and 
having killed ten-thousand demons, they came to Bali, the lord of the demons, 
and pleased him with words. 

Then Baliraja said: "I'm very pleased with you, now you can ask for any 
benediction." They said: "These demons should never come to Aryadesa with you, 
all of you should stay always in mleccha-desa and eat the followers of 
mleccha-dharma." Baliraja became upset hearing these fearful, terrible words 
so he listened Krsnamsa Udayasimha's pleasing speech. Then Krsnamsa said: "As 
long as I'm in this world you should simply stay in your home, after that you 
come here and do whatever you like." 

Hearing this the mleccha king Sahoda went back to Rasatala, the sixth lowest 
region of demons.


Pratisarga Parva, 4th part, chapter 6

The sage (Saunaka) said: "O great fortunate one, you know everything, please 
tell us about the kings who came after Mahiraja."

Suta Goswami said: "The ghostly Kutukoddina, with human nature, was situated 
in the kingdom of Delhi. The best king Bhapasena, the grandson of Virasena, 
was situated in a beautiful city of Aligarh. This city was protected by 
Yadavas. Kutukoddina with ten-thousand warriors went there and defeated him 
and returned to Delhi. Then so many kings form other countries came there and 
defeated him and rejected him from their countries. When Sahoddina heard this, 
he came to Delhi, conquered the kings and broke all the deities. After that so 
many mlecchas come from all sides and ruled the kingdom for 5,6 or 7 years ? 
and dead?. They had destroyed the pilgrimage and temples, therefore as a 
reaction they become short-lived. From today, the mleccha kings will continue 
for hundred years, therefore O sages, you should quickly go to Visala 
(Badarikasrama) with me. 

Then all the sages sadly left this place (Naimisaranya) and went to Visala, 
the best of Himalayas, and  meditated upon Lord Hari, being in samadhi 
(trance). And after a hundred years all of them attained the kingdom of God.

Chapter 7

Nimbarka Acarya

The sun god, being pleased by the praise of the demigods, said: By the order 
of the Lord Krsna, the Sudarsana will take birth in the Dvapara-yuga, and will 
be known as Nimbaditya who will be able to remove the declination of religious 
principles.

Suta Goswami said: "Now you hear about the pastimes of great Nimbarka. Lord 
Krsna personally ordered him to appear on the auspicious bank of Narmada 
river, which flows to southern direction of mountain Meru. That state is known 
as Tailanga, the place used by the devarsis, the godly sages. Krsna said: 'You 
receive knowledge from devarsi Narada and establish the principles of real 
religious system, and you should remain in Mathura, Naimisaranya and Dvaraka.' 
Lord Sudarsana accepted the order of Lord Krsna saying "Om" (yes, all right) 
and appeared on the earth to fulfill the desire of devotees. 

"There was a broad-minded holy brahmana living in the auspicious state of 
Tailanga. His name was Aruna and was well versed in Vedas and Vedangas. His 
wife was known as Jayanti. They were living an austere life like sages. The 
brilliant luster of Sudarsana suddenly entered in the heart of Jayanti, and by 
that luster she looked shiny like a moon. When the time arrived with all 
auspiciousness and good qualities, in Gaura paksa purnima of Kartika month, 
Vrsa rasi, the moon in Krttika, the five grahas (planets) situated in higher 
place, in the evening at the time of sunset, in Masa-lagna, the Lord of the 
universe appeared from mother Jayanti, and engaged whole universe in Vedic 
religion.

"One day Lord Brahma went to Nimbarka's asrama just before the sunset and 
said: 'O brahmana, I'm very hungry, as long as the sun is in the sky, please 
give me something to eat.' The brahmana gave him food and while he was eating 
the sun went down. Then the brahmana by his splendor? kept a sudarsana on a 
nimba tree. Lord Brahma wondered seeing that sunlike shine and paid his 
obeisances to brahmana lying flat on the ground. Pleased with his austerity 
Lord Brahma said: 'It is excellent, you will become famous on this earth, and 
you will be known as Nimbaditya' (the sun god of the neem tree)."

Madhva Acarya

Brhaspati said: "Long ago, during the age of Treta, O Indra, there was a 
brahmana named Sakrasarma, in Ayodhya. He worshiped demigods such as Asvini 
Kumaras, Rudras, Vasus, Surya etc. with the mantras mentioned in the 
Yajur-veda. After worshiping he satisfied them by offering oblations every 
day. Thus being pleased with his worship all the 33 billion demigods awarded 
him all desired objects and even the rare things made possible to get easily. 
By the benediction of the demigods the brahmana lived in this earth for 
ten-thousand years without getting old and having no disturbance. After 
leaving the body he became sun-god and predominated the sun planet for one 
hundred thousand years, and then went to Brahmaloka. He spend eight-thousand 
celestial years visiting all the higher planets and returned to sun planet.

"Hearing this lord Indra with his sober intelligence begun to worship the 
sun-god along with other demigods in the month of Asarha or June-July. On the 
purnima, the full moon day of Asarh, the sun-god came down to the earth and 
said to demigods: 'I will take birth in Kali-yuga in Vrndavana and this 
brahmana will execute the favorable act for the demigods. He will be born as a 
son of Madhava, named Madhu and follow the Vedic path.'"

Suta Gosvami said: "Saying this the sun-god created a light from his body and 
sent it to Vrndavana. Attracting all the irreligious people with pleasing 
speech he gave them Vaisnavi sakti or the spiritual energy of Lord Visnu, the 
bestower of enjoyment and liberation. Thus he become famous as Madhvacarya."

Jiva said: "In the age of Dvapara, there was a brahmana named Meghasarma. He 
was very much religious, intelligent, learned and follower of Vedic path. He 
was engaged in farming, and with the tenth percent profit of the farming he 
was worshiping the demigods every day with devotion. Once there was no rain 
during the administration of Maharaja Santanu for five years, but the land of 
Meghasarma was about four miles wide and was watered by rain. Naturally the 
grain-rate increased and Meghasarma became rich by taking advantage of the 
scarcity. Other people being so distressed took shelter of the king. The king 
called Meghasarma and said: 'O great brahmana, I offer my obeisances unto you, 
please become my guru, the religious master, and guide us, so that we can be 
free from the scarcity.'"

Meghasarma said: "When the month of Sravana (July-August) starts, you should 
call twelve Vedic brahmanas to chant one-hundred thousand times the mantra of 
sun-god with the proper mind. Then on the full moon day (purnima) offer 
tenth-percent of oblations in sacrificial fire, through the brahmanas. If you 
could do this as mentioned, you will become free from anxiety. So the king 
performed accordingly and fed all the brahmanas, then the sun-god being 
pleased by this and poured heavy rain on the earth from all the sides. After 
this king Santanu engaged in performing Surya-vrata and become a great pious 
person. Whoever he touched with his hand immediately turns to an old ? man. 

By the mercy of sun-god, Meghasarma lived for five-hundred years being freed 
from old age and went to sun-planet. After 100,000 years he will attain 
Brahmaloka. While he was speaking thus, sun-god revealed his identity to Jiva 
and went to Prayaga (Allahabad) and being in happy mood he said to demigods: 
"In Kali-yuga, when the mlecchas will be ruling the kingdom, I will come to 
Vrndavana for mission of the Devas."

Suta said: "Then the sun-god descended in Vrndavana as a son of Deva-sarma, 
named Sridhara. He studied Srimad-Bhagavatam very deeply and a great 
commentary on it which is known as Sridhara-bhasya, the commentary of 
Sridhara."

Jayadeva

Brhaspati said: "Long ago there was a brahmana named Heli, in the beautiful 
city Pampapura. He was a worshiper of sun-god and he knew the 64 arts. He 
avoided the mood of accepting daksina (donation) and he became an artist, 
having established a workshop for clothes, paintings, pictures, metal statues 
etc. He spent five thousand coins to establish it. Whatever profit he got he 
worshiped sun-god with in the month of Magha (January-February) performing 
sacrifices. Thus the sun-god Visvakarma (the architect of the gods) became 
pleased with this sacrifice and descended on the top of a big pillar in 
Pampasarovara, the lake named Pampa, having a brilliant shining form. At the 
noon time, Heli offered food to sun-god according to his desire. In this way 
he satisfied the three worlds. After leaving his body he entered into 
sun-planet. Therefore, o king of devas, you may worship the sun-god, he will 
help you."

Suta said: "Lord Indra hearing this from his guru, began to worship the best 
of the sun-gods, Visvakarma, along with other demigods. Thus being pleased 
with their worship Tvasta (Visvakarma) said: 'O gods, please listen to my 
words, I will appear in a village named Bilvagram in Bengal, and I will be the 
poet known as Jayadeva, the compiler of Nirukti.' Saying this sun-god went to 
Bengal and took birth in the house of a brahmana named Kanduke. When he was 
just five year old, he was engaged in the service of his parents and continued 
for twelve years. After sometime his parents left their body, Jayadeva did all 
the final ceremonies (sraddha) in Gaya and being satisfied they went to 
heaven. Then Jayadeva lived in a jungle as a detached brahmana. 

"At the age of twenty three, one brahmana offered his beautiful daughter to 
Lord Jagannatha. At the end of his worship the eternal Lord Aniruddha, having 
form of Darubrahma, directly spoke thus: 'O Satyavrata, please listen to Me, 
it is my order that you offer your daughter Padmavati to Jayadeva because he 
is the body of Mine, or he is as good as Me.' Then he found a detached 
brahmana (Jayadeva) and leaving his daughter in front of him, he went to his 
home. Padmavati served her husband for so many years accepting him as 
beautiful and learned one. Jayadeva compiled a book known as Nirukta, the 
Vedic vocabulary, one of the six Vedangas. There were five kinds of Niruktas, 
but in Kali-yuga they are destroyed by evil people and was established as 
prakrta-bhasa or the illiterate language. For the sake of demigods, Panini, 
the author of Astadhyayi grammar, overtook them and established the pure 
Sanskrit language.

"Once the evil minded Kali situated in hearts of thieves plundered all the 
money of Jayadeva brahmana given by the king, cut both of his hands and legs 
and went home leaving Padmavati aside thinking that she is a chaste? woman. 
Jayadeva was thrown in the ditch. Padmavati took him out cried and lamented 
again and again seeing the situation of her husband.

"One day, when the king Dharmapala was hunting, he saw sage like Jayadeva 
without hands and feet and said: 'Who put you in such condition?' Jayadeva 
said: 'No one put me in this condition, O king, this is due my previous 
activity that I am suffering now in this abominable condition.' Having heard 
this statement, the religious king put the brahmana on a palanquin along with 
his wife and brought them to his palace. The king built a dharma-sala, the 
religious institution, after having instructions from Jayadeva.

"One day those Kali made thieves, dressed as a Vaisnavas came to the king and 
said: 'We are very much expert in sastra and therefore we have come to you. O 
best of the kings, Lord Visnu, while being in the stone (Salagrama) eats food 
cooked by us every day with love. If you don't believe, you can see this right 
here.'

"Saying thus the slaves of Kali showed the king a four handed form of Lord 
Visnu eating by His potency. Being struck with wonder, king Dharmapala said to 
Jayadeva: 'O my gurudeva, some Vaisnavas, the devotees of Lord Visnu, have 
come to my palace, and they have shown me the Lord present before my very 
eyes, therefore please come quickly.' They show it and he was struck with 
wonder. 

"Then the heretics said to the king in a joking mood: 'O king, this brahmana 
was a cook in the palace of the king of Gaudadesa (Bengal). Once he became 
very much greedy for money and he mixed some poison in the food and offered it 
to a king. When the king came to know about it he crucified him. After that we 
came there and knowing the brahmana as an offender, we instructed him into so 
many kinds of knowledge. Then the king refused him to be crucified but he cur 
the hands and legs. The king became our disciple being enlightened by us.'

"While they were speaking thus, the earth planet turned in two and those 
thieves blooped inside and were thrown in Patala-loka. Jayadeva began to cry 
on the thieves and while he was crying his hands and legs appeared to be as it 
is. Then he explained to wondering king what is what. The king became so happy 
after hearing everything from Jayadeva. Jayadeva wrote a song called 
Gita-Govinda, the song sung for the pleasure of Lord Govinda. The king read 
the song and attained liberation. 

"O brahmanas, thus I have narrated the birth story of Jayadeva, now you listen 
about how the Supreme Lord appeared as Sri Krsna Caitanya.

Sri Krsna Caitanya

Long ago there was a learned brahmana named Visnusarma. By worshiping Lord 
Visnu faithfully he become great honorable person among the demigods. His 
occupation was to beg everyday. He had a wife but no children. Once a saintly 
person come to his house. The saint saw that only the wife of a brahmana was 
in the house who was very humble, devoted and poor. Felling compassion upon 
her, he gave a touchstone to brahmana's wife and said: 

"This is a touchstone, you can turn any metal or iron into gold simply by 
touching it. Therefore, o great pious woman, for three days you can keep it 
with you, by the time I am going to take bath in Sarayu (river in Ayodhya) and 
came back." The holy person went away saying this. The lady made so much gold 
in her house and become as good as Laksmi, the goddess of fortune. Then 
Visnusarma arrived and seeing that his wife is having so much gold, he said: 
'O foolish woman, please immediately go out wherever your desired person or 
object is. I am just a poor servant of Lord Visnu. Seeing this gold I will 
always be scared of the thieves. How can I keep such a woman like you, who is 
intoxicated by the honey of gold?' When the chaste lady heard the fearful 
words of her husband and being afraid of him, she engaged in his service 
offering him all gold along with touchstone. 

"The brahmana threw the whole thing into a dirty ditch. After three days the 
holy person came back and asked the lady why she didn't make any gold. The 
lady replied, 'My husband is so pure that he threw everything in that hole 
with anger, when he saw this gold and touchstone. O Master, I have no more 
metal in my house because I had already turned everything into gold which was 
thrown away. I have to cook on the fire but there is no metal.' Hearing this 
the saint was surprised. He chastised Visnusarma so much and at the end of the 
day he said: 'You are a poor beggar because you are deluded by the providence, 
now quickly give me my touchstone, otherwise I will leave my body right here.'

"Visnusarma said: 'Go to that ditch and you will find your touchstone.' Both 
of them went there having some thorns?. He showed the touchstone of saint 
which looked like thorns?. Then the saint, humbly paying obeisances, said to 
him: 'I have worshiped Lord Siva properly and have achieved so many jewels 
from him. Many times I have got such touchstones. Such a greedy fellow I am 
but now by visiting you my illusion is over.' Then he attained liberation by 
the strength of knowledge from brahmana. Visnusarma lived thousand years in 
this planet worshiping sun-god and achieved liberation from Lord Visnu. Then 
he lighted the world in the month of Phalguna (February-March) having a luster 
of Lord Visnu.

Suta said: "Then the great Jiva asked the husband of Sachi: 'Lord Indra, you 
should worship sun-god and be happy in the month of Phalguna.' Indra started 
to meditate upon Lord Hari and worshiped Him with various items. Being 
pleased, the sun-god came out of sun-planet. He had four hands, his body was 
reddish, gracefully looked at Yaksa?. He assumed body of Indra in the midst of 
everyone. He hide his body by his own power and became bodiless, his wife 
Sachi also did the same. Then they united overwhelmed by lust and enjoyed for 
one year in the jungle at the bank of Ganges. When Sachi became pregnant she 
came to her original form as a wife of a brahmana. By the time of month of 
Bhadra, gaura paksa, Thursday, dvadasi tithi, Lord Visnu appeared from the 
womb of Sachi assuming all the expansions within Himself. He had four arms, 
reddish color body and was shinning like a sun. The demigods, Rudras, Vasus, 
Visvadevas, Maruts, Sadhyas, Bhaskaras and Siddhas praised the eternal Lord 
with a various mantras."

They said: "O Lord, Your lotus feet are decorated with a thunderbolt, flag, 
lotus, club, hook and star. You are accompanied by Lord Brahma and Lord Siva. 
The great sages take pleasure by enjoying Your pastimes and You are the 
remover of the fear of birth and death in this material world. We offer our 
obeisances to You. O Lord, You are holding conchshell, disc, lotus and club to 
destroy to stonelike bodies of the demons, the enemies of the demigods. Though 
You are rest-less, all the living beings, moving and non-moving are being fed 
by You only. Your mission is to kill the demons and do the favor of demigod of 
the devotees.

"O son of Sachi, the bestower of bliss, You take away all lamentation and 
distress, which are due to the big amount of sinful reactions. By You all the 
planets are being nourished or held, and You destroy the enemies of the devas. 
You attack the millions of aspects of sinful actions by the strength of Your 
own devotion. Having a form of a swan, You protect the truthfulness and 
deliver the Vedas by having form of yajna which is also holding all the 
planets. Now You have appeared as a beautiful son of Sachi.

(Also write the translation of the verse from CC Adi 1.4.)

"Out of compassion You have left Your supreme abode and have appeared on this 
earthly planet to offer Your most munificent gift to the people in general. O 
son of mother Sachi, Krsna Caitanya Mahaprabhu, in this age of Kali people are 
emerged in the ocean of the mental distress and anxiety created by the sons of 
Diti, the asuras. Please deliver them.

"All glories to Lord Hari, who has appeared as 'Caitanya-Krsna' or Sri Krsna 
Caitanya whose transcendental body is ever fragrant because of having been 
smeared by the honey of the pastimes of Radha-Krsna's conjugal love, who has 
increased the forest of golden lotus flowers by pouring the nectarean rain of 
compassion. You are a personified golden mountain of ultimate love of Godhead 
and Your are the holder or supporter of the glorious cloud-like devotees. May 
the Lord protect us being the master of our family.

"O all pervading Lord, in this Kali-yuga this earthly planet is put in 
distress by the enemies of the devas, the asuras born of irreligion (the 
mleccha-dharma). But now just by hearing Your name all the demons are being 
harassed and smashed. Some of them are hidden in Patala-loka. We offer our 
respectful obeisances unto you."

Ramanuja

Suta Goswami continued saying that when Lord Siva was disturbed by Kamadeva 
(Cupid) in his meditation, Lord Siva became angry upon him and as a result 
burned him to ashes. Then he pacified Rati, the wife of Kamadeva, with a 
blessing that her husband will take birth as a son of Lord Krsna named 
Pradyumna at the end of Dvapara-yuga. Then Lord Siva himself created an 
expansion from his mouth and appeared on this earth at the bank of river 
Godavari, in the house of acarya Sarma named Ramanuja. He was the younger 
brother of Rama Sarma. Rama Sarma was the follower of Patanjali, went to the 
beloved city of Lord Siva visiting many other places of pilgrimage and met Sri 
Sankaracarya, who had hundreds of disciples surrounding Lord Siva. Rama Sarma 
being a devotee or Lord Krsna tried to establish the Absoluteness of Lord 
Krsna. However, being defeated by Sankaracarya, come back to his home at 
night. He was so shameful and afraid and was badly attacked by the aural 
arrows of the disciple of Sankaracarya. 

By the time Ramanuja became very expert in every scripture and when he heard 
that his brother has been defeated by them, he come to Kasi along with his 
brothers and disciples. The discussion on the Vedanta began between both of 
the great personalities. Sankaracarya spoke about Lord Siva and the brahmana 
Ramanuja supported Lord Krsna. After a month of discussion Ramanuja was able 
to establish the Absoluteness of Lord Hari as Vasudeva, the eternal, full of 
knowledge and bliss. Vasudeva, the son of Vasudeva, is Lord Hari Himself and 
is the only eternal object of worship.

Sankaracarya became shameful and began to talk on the Patanjali's great 
commentary on Sanskrit grammar. Quoting a few sutras he tried to glorify Lord 
Siva and then Ramanuja explained the same thing showing the Supremacy of Lord 
Hari. He was expert in Sanskrit grammar, so he explained what does Govinda 
mean.

The word go means cow, senses, earth and speech. And vinda means to know, to 
understand, and to take pleasure. Therefore, one who is the source of the 
pleasure of cows, senses, earth and speech is called Govinda.

Girisa, Lord Siva, is not Govinda, he is simply a master of a mountain 
(Kailasa). Gopala, the protector of the cows, is not Rudra, because Rudra 
rides on the back of a bull. Sambhu is known as Pasupati or the master of the 
animals or the animal-like beings, but he is not known as Gopati, the master 
of the cows, senses and the earth. 

Sankaracarya then began a discussion on mimamsa. This big debate went on for 
ten days between them. Yajna-purusa, the follower of Ramanuja, defeated 
Sankara in so many ways. Yajnadeva established that religion is morality or 
the religion is based on good conduct, but he said that those conducts were 
ruined in the yajna of Daksa Prajapati. So then where is Dharma? Hearing this 
Ramanuja humbly said: "Yajna appeared out of karma, the regulative activities, 
to protect the world and that karma is mentioned in the Vedas and the Vedas 
directly manifested from Aksara, the infallible Lord. That Aksara Himself is 
situated in Sabda-brahman and that is Purana-Purusa, the oldest Personality. 
Paramatma, the eternal supersoul is greater then Aksara. The Purana-purusa is 
satisfied by performance of yajna, therefore, He is known as Yajna-Purusa in 
the scriptures of the world."

Then Sankaracarya began discussing about Nyaya Sastra: "The one who always 
exists is called bhava, the one who does not care for anything is called 
mrda?, the one who nourishes the world is called bhargra, the one who destroys 
the world is known as hara and rudra. Lord Siva himself creates, maintains and 
destroys the worlds. Lord Siva is the source of Lord Visnu and of course 
Brahma is born from Lord Visnu."

Ramanuja said: "Yes, Lord Sambhu is so much praiseworthy, who has got complete 
glorification. It is really a truth that Lord Siva is the subject and also the 
cause of the object. This is my opinion. But how is it that Lord Sambhu is 
chanting all the time the names of Lord Ramachandra? Lord Hari is the source 
of all the unlimited creation, and in Him at the end of the whole creation 
disappears, therefore the great sages, yogis, always take pleasure in Him. 
Certainly, He is my Lord whose form is eternal, full of knowledge and bliss. 
He is my Supreme shelter."

Hearing the explanation and feeling ashamed Sankara began to talk on 
yoga-sastra, but Ramanuja showed the authority of Krsna in yoga-sastra. Lord 
Krsna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, is the personified time, the master 
of all yoga and great yogi Himself. Also in Sankhya-sastra he showed how Lord 
Kapila established Supreme Authority of Krsna. The letter Ka in 'Kapila' means 
the prowess, and pa means One who keeps or protects the prowess or strength 
and the One who takes away or receives the Kapi is known as Kapila. The word 
Kapi is used for Rudra. Lord Kapila is Visnu Himself, the all-knowing and 
all-formed personality. 

Then Sankaracarya, feeling ashamed, bent his shoulder (surrendered) and began 
to chant the holy name of Lord Govinda, having white cloth on his body. He 
became a pure hearted disciple of Ramanuja.

Isvara Pandit and Sri Caitanya

Suta Goswami said: "O great sages, now you hear again about the pastimes of 
Lord Hari. Anyone who hears this will never be affected by fear in this 
terrific age of Kali.

"At the age of five Krsna-Caitanya, who is known as yajnamsa (the expansion of 
yajna and the performer of yajna by chanting by holy name of Lord Hari) met a 
brahmana named Isvara who was born in Bengal and was a devotee of goddess 
Sarasvati and arrived in Santipura. He became very much proud having blessings 
of Sarasvati. He was very expert in all the sastras and having conquered all 
the scholars in all directions, composed a divine praise on the bank of river 
Ganges (or the glorification of Ganga-devi) and read it. At that time the 
yajnamsa (Sri Caitanya) came there and asked him in a beautiful language, 
"Your grace have been saying that the essence of sruti is sukrtam, the 
religious act; purtam, the act of pious liberality, and arna, to be free from 
three kinds of debts. So now could you say something about the faults and 
ornamentation in this praise? Isvara said, "There are no faults in this 
praise."

Then Lord Caitanya said: "There are no ornamentation either. Because, the word 
sukrta refers to religious activity, the word purta means spirit and arna 
means strength. These are known as the essence of srutis. Then something which 
is a pollution for the water of Ganges can be an ornamentation for this body. 
That means, sukrta, purta and arna are very much important for the body 
whereas for the Ganges water these are pollutions only."

Hearing this explanation from Sri Caitanya, the brahmana follower of 
Sarasvati, was struck with wonder. Then Sarada, the goddess of knowledge, 
seeing that her devotee is feeling ashamed, smiled and said to Isvara, 'Sri 
Krsna Caitanya is Himself the Supreme Lord (you should follow Him).' After 
this he became a servant of Sri Krsna Caitanya and started to chant names of 
Krsna and became a great devotee.

(Note: According to the description of Sri Caitanya Caritamrta, the learned 
scholar Isvara who recited hundred verses glorifying Ganges was known as 
Kesava Kasmiri. And the discussion was held on the word 'bhavani-bhartuh', or 
the husband of Siva's wife.)

Sridhara and Sri Caitanya

Suta said: "There was a brahmana, a worshiper of Lord Siva, famous by the name 
Sridhara in the beautiful city named Pattana. The king of that city arranged 
seven day program of Bhagavatam and Sridhara was the reciter of Bhagavatam. 
After the program he was given a big amount of money by the king and went to 
the house of his father-in-law and stayed there for a month along with his 
wife. When he was going to his own home, on the way seven thieves came to him 
and made a promise in the name of Lord Rama. When they finished their forest 
path the thieves killed Sridhara brahmana and took his wife, wealth and 
bullock cart. Right after the accident Lord Rama Himself appeared with His 
eternal, knowledgeful and blissful form. He killed all the seven thieves with 
His arrow and brought the brahmana back to his life and sent him to Vrndavana. 
From that day Sridhara brahmana became a Vaisnava. When the yajnamsa, Sri 
Caitanya, was seven years old, Sridhara went to Santipura. He received the 
knowledge of Brahma, the Personality of Godhead, from Sri Caitanya and became 
His disciple. Afterwards the great brahmana Sridhara wrote a commentary on 
Srimad Bhagavatam."

Ramananda and Sri Caitanya

In the city of Kasi, there was a brahmana named Rama Sarma. On the day of 
Sivaratri the intelligent brahmanas was worshiping Lord Siva and passing whole 
night staying awake and chanting the auspicious mantra which contained five 
syllables (om namah sivaya). The well-wisher of the world, Lord Sankara, being 
pleased appeared before the brahmana and said: "Please ask me for 
benediction." Rama Sarma offered his obeisances to Lord Siva and humbly said: 
"O my Lord, as your mercy I want that personality to be situated in my heart 
on whom you always meditate and remain in samadhi (trance)." Mahesvara, the 
great god of demigods, Lord Siva, smiled and said: "The Supreme nature, known 
as Yogamaya has three features. The mother of the world, taking half 
[corrupted]"