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Pearl
Hardness 2.7–4.5, Specific gravity 2–2.86, Refractive index 1.55–1.65 Pearls are found in pearl oysters, a species of bivalve
mollusk. A pearl glows instead of sparkles. Pearls may be white, black,
red, blue, brown, yellowish, and pink. The location where pearls are grown will cause variations in their characteristics. The rosy white and cream-sheened pearls are considered the best and are thus the most expensive. Pearls of this type are found mainly in the Persian Gulf. Also valuable are the black pearls tinted with iridescent green. Pearl weight is measured by grams rather than carats. Pearls are mainly found in the Persian Gulf, Sri Lanka
(Gulf of Manear), Australia, Vietnam, Japan, Indonesia, Thailand, Malaysia,
China, the Pacific Isles, Venezuela, the Red Sea, Panama, and South
India. At the present time, the best pearls come from the Persian Gulf,
Myanmar (Burma), Australia, and Indonesia. The biggest producer is Australia,
then Indonesia and the Philippines. The largest pearls are produced
in the South Pacific in white, black, and silver colors. Natural pearls can be ten times more expensive than cultured ones. A natural pearl is produced when an object—a piece of shell, coral, or sand—becomes lodged in the oyster’s shell. To protect from the abrasion, the oyster coats the object with a secretion of calcium carbonate called nacre. Over a number of years, these secretions build up and form a pearl. Most pearls today are cultivated. The Japanese began pearl cultivation about one hundred years ago, using mostly Akoya oysters, common in Japan. To cultivate a pearl, the pearl farmers place a tiny bead of pearl shell into the oyster’s flesh. This stimulates the oyster to secrete nacre and thus begin to form a pearl. The oysters are then returned to the sea for several years while the pearls develop. Cultured Akoya pearls are expensive, while South Sea pearls are the most expensive. Pearls from the South Seas are a good size, ranging from 9–17 mm, while the Akoya pearls usually measure 2–9 mm. Akoya pearls are often bleached, then colored, to give them good variety. South Pacific pearls are found in different colors—cream, silver, gold, shades of blue and pink. Black pearls are found in Tahiti.Pearls are valued according to their size, shape, color, and shade. There are both saltwater and freshwater pearls. Freshwater pearls are the least expensive, and are often sold for less than costume jewelry. Perfectly round is the most valuable shape in a pearl, then a symmetrical drop, pear shape, and button. A good pearl is translucent and lustrous. The quality of the pearl’s luster helps to tell its value. The surface of the pearl should give an illusion of depth, as if you were looking into a clear pool of water reflecting a cloud. A natural pearl can often be distinguished from an imitation
by its texture. A natural pearl should be smooth; an imitation will
feel rough when rubbed on the teeth and possesses a gritty, sandpaper-like
texture. It is more difficult to tell the difference between a natural
and a cultured pearl. To be sure, one must use X-radiography. Most cultured
pearls are bleached, which makes them less useful for astrological purposes.
Some black pearls have also been dyed. Cultured pearls that have a nacreous layer of less than
half a millimeter (one-fiftieth of an inch) are considered inferior.
Lacquer is often put on pearls to prevent wear and to keep them from
cracking. Imitation pearls are often made of glass or plastic, then
covered with a coating of synthetic pearl. The luster on some pearls is only on the outside. On others,
the pearl’s surface appears dull, but there is an internal luster.Mother-of-pearl
is made by putting shaped items into a mussel shell. Often tiny images
of Buddha are used. The oysters then secrete layers of calcium carbonate
over the figure, coating them with mother-of-pearl. Pearls in a necklace should be matched for color, translucency,
and luster. They should be strung with knots between the pearls, to
stop them from rubbing against one another. Also, if the strand breaks,
the pearls will not scatter. Pearls are damaged by perfume, hair spray, cosmetics, and skin acids. High humidity or excessive dryness can also damage them. Pearls are soft, so if they are placed in a box with other gems, care has to taken that they don’t become scratched. Astrological
Effects of Pearls Pearls are presided over by different Vedic deities: dark
pearls by Vishnu, moonlike pearls by Indra, black pearls by Yamaraja,
red pearls by Vayu, yellow pearls by Varuna, and pearls that are brilliant
like fire or which have the luster of lotuses by Agni. Pearls strengthen the mind, increase memory, and help
control anger. They have a calming and peaceful effect on the mind,
and encourage feelings of compassion and love. They also help spiritual
meditation. Ownership of a good pearl brings wealth, sons, popularity,
fortune, fame, and freedom from disease and grief. Hindu brides often
wear pearl nose rings at their weddings in order to ensure happy marriages
and to guard against widowhood. Those who wear a perfect pearl will be blessed by Goddess
Lakshmi to become rich. They will have long lives, good intelligence,
attain wealth, happiness, success, general good luck, become famous,
and receive important positions in life. They will have patience, determination,
purity, a dislike for anger, and a desire to do well. Pearls with a
yellow luster give wealth. Red pearls increase intelligence. White pearls
give fame. Blue pearls give good fortune. Pearls can help one become
self-confident, and can make the work environment more peaceful. Pearls can help students concentrate better and with more
mental peace. They can help young married couples remain harmonious.
If one has trouble finding a marriage partner, pearls can be worn to
help alleviate this situation. Pearls are good for diplomats and those
engaged in charity. They also help one develop creativity. Pearls and their substitutes transmit the color orange.
Orange rays have a cold effect, and can be used to treat the diseases
relating to blood and bodily secretions that are caused by extreme heat
in the body. Pearls reduce body heat and thus balance bodily fluids. Pearls can calm the nerves, free one from anxiety, lessen
tension, and help with mental problems caused by too much heat in the
brain and heart. Pearls are good for women in general. Pearls may also
help improve such conditions as tuberculosis, heart disease, ulcers,
fever, epilepsy, diabetes, insomnia, eye problems, and uterine problems.
Women can wear pearls for menstrual problems. Wearing defective pearls, however, causes misfortune.
Watch for cracks, moles (if it is black, it is very inauspicious), lack
of luster, a thin line across the outside of the pearl, spots, internal
dirt, or a wood-like material in them. The most effective pearls astrologically are those that are round and lustrous. A pearl that is long rather than round takes away one’s intelligence and makes him foolish. A pearl that has a protrusion on three corners is bad luck. If a pearl is flat, the wearer will get a bad name. A natural pearl has much more astrological power than a cultured pearl, but since natural pearls are so difficult to find—and are so expensive—some people use cultured pearls as a remedy. One natural pearl can have more effect than a strand of cultured pearls, however. The only way to determine whether one is purchasing a natural pearl or a cultured pearl is to X-ray it to examine its nucleus. Do not drill the pearl; a drilled pearl is of no use astrologically. A pearl should weigh at least two grams; four, six, nine,
or eleven grams are acceptable weights. If one must use a cultured pearl,
it should weigh at least three to five grams. Pearls should be set in silver and worn for the first
time on a Monday (best) or Thursday in the evening. They should definitely
not be purchased on Saturdays. Pearls should be worshipped with incense
and flowers, and the following mantra should be chanted 108 times: Om
som somaya namaha om. Om som chandraya namaha can also be chanted. The
pearl ring should be worn on a Monday morning during the bright half
of the lunar month (during the waxing moon, best during a full moon),
ideally during one of the constellations ruled by the Moon, such as
Rohini, Hasta, Shravan, or Pushya. The ring should ideally be put on
during Cancer, Pisces, or Taurus, or while in a friendly sign. The Moon
should not be aspected or conjunct with a malefic planet when the pearl
is installed. As the Moon is not compatible with Rahu or Ketu, neither
hessonite nor cat’s eye or their substitutes should be worn with
pearl or its substitutes. Some authorities say that pearls should also
not be worn with diamonds, blue sapphires, or emeralds. The Navaratna
setting is an exception to this rule.The cosmic color enhanced by pearl
is orange, the cosmic number is two. Pearls affect water, taste, the
tongue, blood, and the second chakra, Svadtistana (private area). Stotra of invocation: “Om dadhi sankha tusarabham, chira arnava samudbhavam, namami sasinam soman, shambhor mukuta blusanam.” To increase a pearl’s good effects, soak it in a
solution of gold and mercury. To test a pearl’s quality, soak it
in a solution of warm oil and salt. This will not damage a natural pearl.
If a natural pearl is rubbed with a dry cotton cloth containing rice,
a genuine pearl will maintain its luster and color.It is best to drill
only oyster pearls through the center. Pearls can be cleaned by placing them in lightly boiling
milk or water, in a covered clay pot. Then they should be rubbed gently
with a pure linen cloth. Depending on a person’s occupation, different color
pearls should be worn. A priest, teacher, scientist, or intellectual
should wear a white pearl. A ruler, soldier, or administrator should
wear an orangish white pearl. A businessman, farmer, or banker should
wear a greenish white pearl. A laborer, artisan, or servant should wear
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